INTERNET & NETWORKING:
Selected IETF Request for Comments (RFCs)

Internet and Networking: General Resources.
Internet and Networking: Internet Indexes, Directories and Finding Aids.
Internet and Networking: Surveys and Statistics.
Internet and Networking: Standards and Organizations.

BACKGROUND

The Internet Engineering Task Force is the group that is responsible for coordinating the standards activities for the Internet community.

Request for Comments, or RFCs, are an ongoing series of documents which discuss technical and administrative issues pertaining to the internetworking of computers and the Internet in general.

Internet Standards are only a small subset of the entire body of over 2000 RFCs. Most of the documents below are informational rather than standards track documents.

Although most RFCs are for a specialist audience of developers and network administrators, some of these documents provide useful background information for library professionals about Internet related technologies and activities. Interested readers will want to check the IETF archive of RFCs for a comprehensive collection of these documents.

Another type of Internet document are the Internet-Drafts. These have absolutely no formal status and can be changed or deleted at any time. The IETF Secretariat maintains an Internet-Drafts index . As these documents are ephemeral, none of these are being collected here.

• IETF URL: http://www.ietf.cnri.reston.va.us/home.html
• RFC Indices URL: http://www.isi.edu/rfc-editor/rfc.html
• Internet Drafts URL: http://www.ietf.cnri.reston.va.us/1id-abstracts.html

Making Postscript and PDF International.

J. Palme - May 1998, RFC 2346.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2346.txt

Report of the IAB Security Architecture Workshop.

S. Bellovin, April 1998, RFC 2316.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2316.txt

Requirements for a Distributed Authoring and Versioning Protocol for the World Wide Web.

J. Slein, F. Vitali, E. Whitehead, U.C. Irvine, D. Durand - February 1998, RFC 2291.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2291.txt

Using Existing Bibliographic Identifiers as Uniform Resource Names.

C. Lynch, C. Preston, R. Daniel - February 1998, RFC 2288.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2288.txt

IAB and IESG Selection, Confirmation, and Recall Process: Operation of the Nominating and Recall Committees.

J. Galvin - February 1998, RFC 2282.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2282.txt

UTF-8, A Transformation Format of ISO 10646.

F. Yergeau - January 1998, RFC 2279.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2279.txt

IANA Charset Registration Procedures.

N. Freed, J. Postel - January 1998, RFC 2278.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2278.txt

IETF Policy on Character Sets and Languages.

H. Alvestrand - January 1998, RFC 2277.

URL:http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2277.txt

Architectural Principles of Uniform Resource Name Resolution.

K. Sollins - January 1998, RFC 2276.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2276.txt

Internet Nomenclator Project.

J. Ordille - January 1998, RFC 2258.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2258.txt

Hobbes' Internet Timeline.

R. Zakon - November 1997, RFC 2235.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2235.txt

A Dictionary Server Protocol.

R. Faith, B. Martin - October 1997, RFC 2229.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2229.txt

Instructions to RFC Authors.

J. Postel, J. Reynolds - October 1997, RFC 2223.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2223.txt

The Application/MARC Content-type.

R. Guenther - October 1997, RFC 2220.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2220.txt

A Common Schema for the Internet White Pages Service.

T. Genovese, B. Jennings - October 1997, RFC 2218.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2218.txt

Specification of Guaranteed Quality of Service.

S. Shenker, C. Partridge, R. Guerin - September 1997, RFC 2212.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2212.txt

Internet Official Protocols Standards.

Internet Architecture Board, J. Postel - June 1997, RFC 2200.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2200.txt

Request for Comments Summary. RFC Numbers 2100-2199.

A. Ramos - January 1998, RFC 2199.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2199.txt

Site Security Handbook.

B. Fraser - September 1997, RFC 2196.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2196.txt

Communicating Presentation Information in Internet Messages: The Content-Disposition Header Field.

R. Troost, S. Dorner, K. Moore - August 1997, RFC 2183.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2183.txt

A Trivial Convention for using HTTP in URN Resolution.

R. Daniel - June 1997, RFC 2169.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2169.txt

Resolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers Using the Domain Name System.

R. Daniel, M. Mealing - June 1997, RFC 2168.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2168.txt

Service Location Protocol.

J. Veizades, E. Guttman, C. Perkins, S. Kaplan - June 1997, RFC 2165.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2165.txt

A Primer On Internet and TCP/IP Tools and Utilities.

G. Kessler, S. Shepard - June 1997, RFC 2151.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2151.txt

Deployment of the Internet White Pages Service.

H. Alvestrand, P. Jurg - September 1997, RFC 2148.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2148.txt

U.S. Government Internet Domain Names.

Federal Networking Council - May 1997, RFC 2146.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2146.txt

Mailbox Names For Common Services, Roles and Functions.

D. Crocker - May 1997, RFC 2142.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2142.txt

URN Syntax.

R. Moats - May 1997, RFC 2141.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2141.txt

Internet Society By-Laws.

ISOC Board of Trustees - April 1997, RFC 2135.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2135.txt

Articles of Incorporation of Internet Society.

ISOC Board of Trustees - April 1997, RFC 2134.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2134.txt

The Report of the IAB Character Set Workshop held 29 February - 1 March, 1996.

C. Weider, C. Preston, K. Simonsen, H. Alvestrand, R. Atkinson, M. Crispin, P. Svanberg - April 1997, RFC 2130.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2130.txt

Key Words for Use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels.

S. Bradner - March 1997, RFC 2119.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2119.txt

X.500 Implementations Catalog-96.

C. Apple, K. Rossen - April 1997, RFC 2116.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2116.txt

HTTP State Management Mechanism.

D. Kristol, L. Montulli - February 1997, RFC 2109.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2109.txt

Considerations for Web Transaction Security.

G. Bossert, S. Cooper, W. Drummond - January 1997, RFC 2084.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2084.txt

PNG (Portable Network Graphics) Specification Version 1.0.

T. Boutell, et al. - March 1997, RFC 2083.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2083.txt

Common Internet Message Headers.

J. Palme - February 1997, RFC 2076.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2076.txt

Internationalization of the Hypertext Markup Language.

F. Yergeau, G. Nicol, G. Adams, M. Duerst - January 1997, RFC 2070.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2070.txt

Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1.

R. Fielding, J. Gettys, J. Mogul, H. Frystyk, T. Berners-Lee - January 1997, RFC 2068.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2068.txt

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Five: Conformance Criteria and Examples.

N. Freed, N. Borenstein - November 1996, RFC 2049.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2049.txt

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Four: Registration Procedures.

N. Freed, J. Klensin, J. Postel - November 1996, RFC 2048.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2048.txt

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Three: Message Header Extensions for Non-ASCII Text.

K. Moore - November 1996, RFC 2047.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2047.txt

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types.

N. Freed, N. Borenstein - November 1996, RFC 2046.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2046.txt

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies.

N. Freed, N. Borenstein - November 1996, RFC 2045.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2045.txt

IETF-ISOC Relationship.

E. Huizer - October 1996, RFC 2031.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2031.txt

The Organizations Involved in the IETF Standards Process.

R. Hovey, S. Bradner - October 1996, RFC 2028.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2028.txt

IAB and IESG Selection, Confirmation, and Recall Process: Operation of the Nominating and Recall Committees.

J. Galvin - October 1996, RFC 2027.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2027.txt

The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3.

S. Bradner - October 1996, RFC 2026.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2026.txt

Uniform Resource Agents (URAs).

L. Daigle, P. Deutsch, B. Heelan, C. Alpaugh, M. Maclachlan - October 1996, RFC 2016.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2016.txt

IRTF Research Group Guidelines and Procedures.

A. Weinrib, J. Postel - October 1996, RFC 2014.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2014.txt

Catalogue of Network Training Materials.

J. Foster, M. Isaacs, M. Prior - October 1996, RFC 2007.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2007.txt

Internet Official Protocol Standards.

J. Postel - February 1997, RFC 2000.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc2000.txt

Internet Users' Glossary.

G. Malkin - August 1996, RFC 1983.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1983.txt

A Proposed Extension to HTML : Client-Side Image Maps.

J. Seidman - August 1996, RFC 1980.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1980.txt

Architectural Principles of the Internet.

B. Carpenter - June 1996, RFC 1958.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1958.txt

Building an X.500 Directory Service in the US.

B. Jennings - May 1996, RFC 1943.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1943.txt

HTML Tables.

D. Raggett - May 1996, RFC 1942.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1942.txt

Frequently Asked Questions for Schools.

Obsoletes RFC 1578.

J. Sellers, J. Robichaux - May 1996, RFC 1941.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1941.txt

What is the Internet, Anyway?.

J. Quarterman, S. Carl-Mitchell - April 1996, RFC 1935.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1935.txt

How to Interact with a Whois++ Mesh.

P. Faltstrom, R. Schoultz, C. Weider - February 1996, RFC 1914.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1914.txt

Architecture of the Whois++ Index Service.

C. Weider, J. Fullton, S. Spero - February 1996, RFC 1913.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1913.txt

CyberCash Credit Card Protocol Version 0.8.

D. Eastlake 3rd, B. Boesch, et. al. - February 1996, RFC 1898.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1898.txt

Form-based File Upload in HTML.

E. Nebel, L. Masinter - November 1995, RFC 1867.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1867.txt

Hypertext Markup Language - 2.0.

T. Berners-Lee, D. Connolly - November 1995, RFC 1866.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1866.txt

EDI Meets the Internet: Frequently Asked Questions about Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) on the Internet.

W. Houser, J. Griffin, C. Hage - January 1996, RFC 1865.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1865.txt

Report of the IAB Workshop on Internet Information Infrastructure, October 12-14, 1994.

M. McCahill, et. al. - November 1995, RFC 1862.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1862.txt

Netiquette Guidelines.

S. Hambridge - October, 1995, RFC 1855.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1855.txt

Architecture of the WHOIS++ service.

P. Deutsch, et. al. - August 1995, RFC 1835.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1835.txt

Whois and Network Information Lookup Service Whois++.

J. Gargano, K. Weiss - August 1995, RFC 1834.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1834.txt

Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol.

R Atkinson - August 1995, RFC 1825.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1825.txt

Relative Uniform Resource Locators.

R. Fielding - June, 1995, RFC 1808.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1808.txt

A Format for Bibliographic Records.

R. Lasher, D. Cohen - June 1995, RFC 1807

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1807.txt

Not All RFCs are Standards.

C. Huitema, J. Postel, S. Crocker - April, 1995, RFC 1796.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1796.txt

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol.

W. Yeong, T. Howes, S. Kille - March 1995, RFC 1777.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1777.txt

To Be "On" the Internet.

D. Crocker - March 1995, RFC 1775.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1775.txt

Tags for the Identification of Languages.

H. Alvestrand - March 1995, RFC 1766.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1766.txt

The Recommendation for the IP Next Generation Protocol.

S. Bradner, A. Mankin - January 1995, RFC 1752.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1752.txt

Ways to Define User Expectations.

Manning, D. Perkins - December 1994, RFC 1746.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1746.txt

Uniform Resource Locators (URL).

T. Berners-Lee, L. Masinter, M. McCahill - December 1994, RFC 1738.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1738.txt

Functional Requirements for Uniform Resource Names.

K. Sollins, L. Masinter - December 1994, RFC 1737.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1737.txt

Functional Recommendations for Internet Resource Locators.

J. Kunze - February 1995, RFC 1736.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1736.txt

Using the Z39.50 Information Retrieval Protocol in the Internet Environment.

Clifford Lynch - December 1994, RFC 1729.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1729.txt

Resource Transponders.

C. Weider - December 1994, RFC 1728.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1728.txt

A Vision of an Integrated Internet Information Service.

C. Weider, P. Deutsch - December 1994, RFC 1727.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1727.txt

Internet Official Protocol Standards.

J. Postel, Internet Architecture Board - November 1994, RFC 1720.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1720.txt

The Tao of IETF - A Guide for New Attendees of the Internet Engineering Task Force..

IETF Secretariat, G. Malkin - November 1994, RFC 1718.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1718.txt

K-12 Internetworking Guidelines.

J. Gargano, D. Wasley - November 1994, RFC 1709.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1709.txt

On Internet Authentication.

N. Haller - R. Atkinson, October 1994, RFC 1704.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1704.txt

Assigned Numbers.

J. Reynolds, J. Postel -October 1994, RFC 1700.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1700.txt

The Document Architecture for the Cornell Digital Library.

W. Turner - August 1994, RFC 1691.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1691.txt

Introducing the Internet Engineering and Planning Group (IEPG).

G. Huston - August 1994, RFC 1690.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1690.txt

A Status Report on Networked Information Retrieval: Tools and Groups.

J. Foster - August 1994, RFC 1689.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1689.txt

Introduction to White Pages Services based on X.500.

P. Jurg - August 1994, RFC 1684.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1684.txt

Report of IAB Workshop on Security in the Internet Architecture (February 8-10, 1994).

R. Braden, D. Clark, S. Crocker, C. Huitema - June 1994, RFC 1636.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1636.txt

How to Use Anonymous FTP.

P. Deutsch, A. Emtage, A. Marine - May 1994, RFC 1635.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1635.txt

Integrated Services in the Internet Architecture: an Overview.

R. Braden, D. Clark, S. Shenker - June 1994, RFC 1633.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1633.txt

A Revised Catalog of Available X.500 Implementations.

A. Getchell, S. Sataluri - May 1994, RFC 1632.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1632.txt

Universal Resource Identifiers in WWW.

T. Berners-Lee - June 1994, RFC 1630.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1630.txt

Network 10 Considered Harmful (Some Practices Shouldn't be Codified) .

E. Lear, E. Fair, D. Crocker, T. Kessler - July 1994, RFC 1627.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1627.txt

Network Access to Multimedia Information.

C. Adie - May 1994, RFC 1614.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1614.txt

A View from the 21st Century.

V. Cerf - 1 April 1994, RFC 1607.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1607.txt

IETF Working Group Guidelines and Procedures.

E. Huizer, D. Crocker - March 1994, RFC 1603.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1603.txt

The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 2.

Internet Architecture Board and Internet Engineering Steering Group - March 1994, RFC 1602.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1602.txt

Charter of the Internet Architecture Board (IAB).

C. Huitema, Internet Architecture Board - March 1994, RFC 1601.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1601.txt

Answers to Commonly asked "New Internet User" Questions.

A. Marine, J. Reynolds, G. Malkin - March 1994, RFC 1594.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1594.txt

Domain Name System Structure and Delegation.

J. Postel - March 1994, RFC 1591.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1591.txt

White Pages Meeting Report.

J. Postel, C. Anderson - February 1994, RFC 1588.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1588.txt

Guide to Network Resource Tools.

EARN Staff - March 1994, RFC 1580.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1580.txt

Answers to Commonly Asked "Primary and Secondary School Internet User" Questions.

J. Sellers - February 1994, RFC 1578.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1578.txt

Instructions to RFC Authors.

J. Postel - October 1993, RFC 1543.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1543.txt

What Should We Plan Given the Dilemma of the Network?.

G. Cook - September 1993, RFC 1527.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1527.txt

FYI on "What is the Internet?".

E. Krol, E. Hoffman - May 1993, RFC 1462.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1462.txt

The Internet Gopher Protocol (a distributed document search and retrieval protocol).

F. Anklesaria, M. McCahill, P. Lindner, D. Johnson, D. Torrey, B. Alberti - March 1993, RFC 1436.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1436.txt

Connecting to the Internet What Connecting Institutions Should Anticipate.

ACM SIGUCCS - August 1992, RFC 1359.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1359.txt

A Format for E-mailing Bibliographic Records .

D. Cohen - July 1992, RFC 1357.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1357.txt

Privacy and Accuracy Issues in Network Information Center Databases.

J. Curran, A. Marine - August 1992, RFC 1355.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1355.txt

Resource Allocation, Control, and Accounting for the Use of Network Resources.

P. Jones - June 1992, RFC 1346.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1346.txt

A Discussion on Computer Network Conferencing.

D. Reed - May 1992, RFC 1324.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1324.txt

Technical Overview of Directory Services Using the X.500 Protocol.

C. Weider, J. Reynolds, S. Heker - March 1992, RFC 1309.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1309.txt

Executive Introduction to Directory Services Using the X.500 Protocol.

C. Weider, J. Reynolds - March 1992, RFC 1308.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1308.txt

Building a Network Information Services Infrastructure.

D. Sitzler, P. Smith, A. Marine - February 1992, RFC 1302.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1302.txt

Building The Open Road: The NREN As Test-Bed For The National Public Network.

M. Kapor - September 1991, RFC 1259.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1259.txt

Site Security Handbook.

P. Holbrook, J. Reynolds - July 1991, RFC 1244.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1244.txt

Problems with the Maintenance of Large Mailing Lists.

A. Westine, J. Postel - March 1991, RFC 1211.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1211.txt

Standard for Interchange of USENET Messages.

M. Horton, R. Adams - December 1987, RFC 1036.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1036.txt

Domain Names - Implementation and Specification.

P. Mockapetris - November 1987, RFC 1035.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1035.txt

Domain Names - Concepts and Facilities.

P. Mockapetris - November 1987, RFC 1034.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc1034.txt

Network News Transfer Protocol: A Proposed Standard for the Stream-Based Transmission of News.

Brian Kantor, Phil Lapsley - February 1986, RFC 977.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc977.txt

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.

J. Postel - August 1982, RFC 821.

URL: http://www.ifla.org/documents/rfcs/rfc821.txt